Followers

Thursday, May 29, 2014

The commentators views on origin of the Abhidhamma.



                                            The word atthakathā is a general term, meaning exposition of the sense, explanation, and commentary. Although atthakathā could refer to all commentarial literature, as it did during the Anurādhapura period when it had even a wider application and included all literary works other than the Tipi5aka, today it is used when referring to the commentaries on the Tipi5aka.2 They are the expository treatises on the different texts of the Pali canon, each text having its own commentary. Their main purpose being to interpret the Buddha's teachings, they not only explain difficult words grammatically and lexically but also contain explanations and expositions of the Buddha's doctrine. Commentators have often digressed in the course of their explanations and various narratives and episodes have found their way into the commentaries making them rich in material not only for the religious history but also for the secular history of ancient India and Ceylon. The a55hakathā extant today are the works of Buddhaghosa and other commentators who translated into Pali the then existing Sinhala a55hakathā which, in turn, were translations from the original Pali.

                                                  As same, as many scholars’ commentators also have done great researches on origin of the Abhidhamma. While many scholars are rejecting the Abhidhamma as Buddha’s teachings commentators show the evidence to prove that Buddha preaches Abhidhamma not by others.
                                                  As great commentators, we can mention that Ven Buddhadatta, Ven.Buddhaghosa, Ven. Dhammapala etc. They have written commentary to Buddha’s teaching. The word commentary has explain in this way
Etthaca, attho kathīyati etāyāti atthakathā, sāyeva atthakathā thakārassa thakāram katvā dukkhassa pī'lanattho'ti
Sāratthadīpanī

                                            Ven.Buddhaghosa in atthasalini define the Abhidhamma means “Tattha kenatthena abhidhammo dhammatireka dhammavisesattha” The extra dhamma or distinguish dhamma is called Abhidhamma.
                                                  Again, Ven.Buddhaghosa explains on the origin of Abhidhamma as palichattamhi mulamhi pandukambala namake silasanam sannissinno adicchowo yugandare mataram pamukha katva tassa pannaya tejasa abhidhamma katha maggam desanam sa pavattaie.
                                               According to atthasalini Ven.Buddhaghosa explain Wo pandita abhidhammahi sabanna Buddhanamyeva visayo na annesam visayo.
Commentators say that seven books of Abhidhamma has written by Buddha himself “ Samma sambuddho sattappakaranani desito”

Argue on unavailability of inception story in Abhidhamma
In Dhammapada Suttanipata also we cannot find Nidhana katha but we cannot say those are not preached by the Buddha. As same as Abhidhamma also not having Nidhana katha is not right to prove that this is not Buddha Desana.

Some scholars said Ven.Moggallīputta Tissa has composed that kathuvatthupakaran in third Buddhist council. Therefore, they believe that it has not preached by Buddha. The commentators said for that answer that although it has composed by Ven.Moggallīputta Tissa but the orginal the Buddha preaches teaching.
Ven.Madalanivasasi Tissa bhikku and Gramavasi Sumanadeva thero support to point out that the Buddha preaches the Abhidhamma.As Nidhanakatha he mention that “Eakam samayam devesu viharati Tavatimsanam parichattaka muli pandukambala silayam tatra kho bhagawa bhikkunam abhidhamma katham kathase.
Not only that but also we find two Nidhana for Abhidhamma.
1.      Forth week (catthuttam ratanagharam)
2.      Desana nidhana ( after seventh years)
Atthasalini Samantapasadika Rasawahini and Dhammasangini have shown many facts tro prove that Abhidhamma is preached by Buddha not by others.As a generation of Abhidhammika tradition can mention as follows
1.      Buddha is the first Abhidhammika
2.      Ven.Sariputta
3.      Ven. Bhaddji
4.      Ven.Sobhita
5.      Ven.Piyajali
6.      Ven.Piyatissa
7.      Ven.Piyapala
8.      Ven.Kosiyaputta
9.      Ven.Siggawa
10.  Ven.Sandeha
11.  Ven.Mogalliputtatissa
In a conclude, I would like to say that if commentators is telling lies the they lies about later additional sutta also preached by the Buddha but they did not therefore they do not lie to us. There are numbers of suttas, which has been added later to Tripitaka, but they have clearly mention that those are later added suttas. Therefore, Commentators are not-telling lies to us about the origin of Abhidhamma.


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